Welcome, all bright minds, to CoursesAfter.com! Having just cleared the crucial milestone of 12th-grade science exams, now stands an entire spectrum of exciting possibilities. The big question in people’s minds is, “After 12th science, what should I do?” It is a typical moment, and the right choice will set you on the path to a satisfying and well-paying job. We empathize with how much this decision means to you, so here we present a panorama of Courses After 12th Science that offer high salaries and lead toward a bright future.
After 12th science, what should I do?
This is a question that rings true for a multitude of students set at the crossroads of an academic timeline. The stream of science emphasizes logic, analysis, and the natural world; thus, the openings for professions are wide-ranging. If you’re interested in the details of the human body, pretty math formulas, technology, or the universe itself, there’s a course for your interest and focus. Swing by, know your options, and see their scope to fit them into your skillset and future goals. Let us look into one of the bright areas of a career after 12th science exams.
Courses after 12th science PCM
Many professional courses for 12th PCM students provide specialized training to enter a particular profession. The courses provide practical skills and are industry-oriented, hence giving good career opportunities with good pay. Below are a few common and professional courses available for students after 12th science PCM in the descending order of general popularity:
Engineering (B.Tech/B.E.)
One of the most sought-after and varied avenues of profession for PCM students is engineering, wherein scientific and mathematical principles are applied to design, develop, and build structures, machines, devices, systems, and processes. By virtue of numerous specializations, one can choose to focus on something of particular interest or talent.
- Duration: 4 years (Bachelor of Technology/Bachelor of Engineering – B.Tech/B.E.)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCM and a good score in relevant entrance examinations (e.g., JEE Main, JEE Advanced, state-level engineering entrance exams)
- Career Options: Software Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Electrical Engineer, Civil Engineer, Computer Engineer, Electronics Engineer, Aerospace Engineer, Chemical Engineer, and many more specialized roles.
- Salary Range: ₹3.5 to 20+ LPA (depending on the specialization, institute, experience, and company)
Architecture (B.Arch)
Architecture is a professional course that involves a technical domain with a touch of artistic flair. Architects plan, design, and oversee the construction of buildings as well as other physical structures. The process demands a strong sense of aesthetics, spatial perception, and knowledge about building science.
- Duration: 5 years (Bachelor of Architecture – B.Arch)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCM and a valid score in the National Aptitude Test in Architecture (NATA) or JEE Main Paper 2. Some institutes may have additional requirements.
- Career Options: Architect, Urban Planner, Landscape Architect, Interior Designer, Conservation Architect, Building Surveyor, Architectural Journalist.
- Salary Range: ₹3 to 15+ LPA (depending on experience, design skills, firm reputation, and location)
Merchant Navy Courses
If students want to get a career that marries technical skills with an opportunity to travel, the merchant navy offers different professional courses. These would train you to work on commercial ships in terms of navigation, engineering, and other major operations.
- Duration: Varies depending on the specific course (e.g., B.Sc. Nautical Science – 3 years, B.Tech Marine Engineering – 4 years, Diploma in Nautical Science – 1 year).
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCM and a specific minimum percentage, along with meeting stringent physical and medical fitness standards. Admission often involves entrance exams and interviews conducted by maritime training institutes.
- Career Options: Navigation Officer (Deck Officer), Marine Engineer, Radio Officer, Electro-Technical Officer. Advancement to higher ranks, like Captain or Chief Engineer, is possible with experience and further certifications.
- Salary Range: ₹4 to 25+ LPA (starting salaries can vary, but experienced professionals in senior roles on international vessels can earn significantly higher).
B.Sc. (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics)
Speaks more in terms of specialized professional roles. The B.Sc. in Physics, Chemistry, or Mathematics is essentially a basic science degree that may be made useful as a landing tangent for specialized professional roles, depending on further qualification or specific skill development.
- Duration: 3 years (Bachelor of Science – B.Sc.)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with the respective subjects (PCM)
- Career Options (after further specialization):
- Physics: Research Scientist, Geophysicist, Meteorologist, Data Analyst (with computational skills),. Salary Range: ₹3 to 10+ LPA (higher with M.Sc., Ph.D., and specialized skills).
- Chemistry: Research Scientist, Analytical Chemist, Pharmaceutical Chemist, Quality Control Manager, Salary Range: ₹3 to 10+ LPA (higher with M.Sc., Ph.D., and industrial experience).
- Mathematics: Statistician, Data Analyst, Actuary (after passing actuarial exams), Operations Research Analyst. Salary Range: ₹3.5 to 20+ LPA (for actuaries and data scientists with strong skills).
Data Science and Analytics Courses (B.Sc./B.Tech)
Among the hottest fields for professional expertise, data science stands out. With data exponentially growing, professionals who can analyze, interpret, and derive insights from complex datasets are urgently required across the industrial spectrum.
- Duration: 3-4 years (B.Sc. Data Science, B.Tech Data Science, or a B.Sc. in Statistics/Mathematics/Computer Science with a focus on data analytics).
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCM (some programs might also consider students with a strong mathematics background, even if they had PCB). A strong aptitude for mathematics and logical reasoning is crucial.
- Career Options: Data Scientist, Data Analyst, Business Analyst, Machine Learning Engineer, Big Data Engineer, Data Visualization Specialist.
- Salary Range: ₹5 to 25+ LPA (depending on skills, experience, specialization, and the employing organization).
Actuarial Science (B.Sc.)
Actuarial Science is a profession that uses mathematical and statistical methods to assess and manage financial risks in industries such as insurance and finance. Though it contains a lot of mathematics, students with a PCM background are well qualified for this field.
- Duration: 3 years (B.Sc. Actuarial Science). However, becoming a fully qualified actuary requires passing a series of rigorous examinations conducted by professional actuarial bodies (like the Institute of Actuaries of India – IAI).
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCM, with a strong foundation in mathematics and statistics.
- Career Options: Actuary (after clearing professional exams), Risk Analyst, Financial Analyst, Investment Analyst.
- Salary Range: ₹4 to 20+ LPA (salary increases significantly with the number of actuarial exams cleared and experience). Qualified actuaries are highly valued for their expertise in risk management.
These professional courses after 12th science PCM offer pathways to rewarding and high-salary careers by imparting specialized knowledge and skills related to particular industries. The popularity of such courses is often a reflection of current job market trends and the demand for professionals in those areas.
Courses after 12th science PCB
For students who have passed their 12th with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (PCB), healthcare and life sciences offer numerous professional courses for rewarding and often high-paying careers. The courses study living organisms, their functions, and their environments, and thereby prepare the students for practice in medicine, research, and allied healthcare fields. Following is a list of popular professional courses after 12th science PCB, arranged by their general popularity:
Medicine (MBBS)
Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) is the main and most common professional degree for PCB students looking to enter the medical profession. It consists of substantial study in medical sciences, surgery, and patient-based healthcare.
- Duration: 5.5 years (4.5 years of academic study followed by a 1-year compulsory rotating internship)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB and a qualifying score in the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET-UG). Admission is highly competitive.
- Career Options: General Physician, Surgeon (after postgraduate specialization), Specialist (e.g., Cardiologist, Neurologist, Pediatrician, Oncologist), Medical Researcher.
- Salary Range: ₹6 to 30+ LPA (starting salaries can vary, but experienced specialists in private practice or corporate hospitals can earn significantly higher).
Dentistry (BDS)
Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) is the professional degree for those interested in oral health care. Dentists assess, treat, and help prevent diseases and disorders of the teeth, gums, and related structures of the mouth.
- Duration: 5 years (4 years of academic study followed by a 1-year compulsory rotating internship)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB and a qualifying score in NEET-UG. Admission is competitive.
- Career Options: Dentist in private practice, Dental Surgeon (after postgraduate specialization) in dental colleges, Dental Consultant in hospitals.
- Salary Range: ₹4 to 20+ LPA (depending on experience, specialization, and practice setting).
Pharmacy (B.Pharm)
Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) is the professional degree that focuses on the science and techniques for the preparation, dispensing, and reviewing of drugs and providing additional pharmaceutical care. Pharmacists are important members of the health care system.
- Duration: 4 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB (some institutes may also accept PCM). A minimum percentage is usually required.
- Career Options: Pharmacist in hospitals, community pharmacies, and pharmaceutical companies; Drug Inspector; Pharmaceutical Marketing; Clinical Research Associate; Regulatory Affairs Officer.
- Salary Range: ₹3 to 8+ LPA (depending on experience, sector, and role).
Nursing (B.Sc. Nursing)
Bachelor of Science in Nursing (B.Sc. Nursing) is a professional undergraduate degree that prepares individuals to become registered nurses. Nurses provide direct patient care, prepare, administer medications, educate patients and families, and act as part of a health team.
- Duration: 4 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB and a minimum aggregate percentage. Some institutes may also have specific requirements regarding English as a subject.
- Career Options: Staff Nurse in hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes; Nurse Practitioner (with further education); Nurse Educator; Clinical Nurse Specialist; Public Health Nurse. Opportunities also exist in the international healthcare sector.
- Salary Range: ₹2.5 to 8+ LPA (salaries increase with experience, specialization, and location). Government jobs in nursing can also offer stability and benefits.
Allied Health Sciences (Various Courses)
Multiple areas in allied health sciences have numerous professional courses that have been increasing in popularity and have specialized roles in healthcare, such as:
- Physiotherapy (BPT – Bachelor of Physiotherapy): Focuses on physical rehabilitation, movement disorders, and pain management through exercise and other physical interventions.
- Duration: 4.5 years (4 years of academic study + 6 months of internship)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB and a minimum aggregate percentage.
- Career Options: Physiotherapist in hospitals, clinics, rehabilitation centers, sports facilities, and private practice.
- Salary Range: ₹2.5 to 8+ LPA.
- Occupational Therapy (BOT – Bachelor of Occupational Therapy): Helps individuals with physical, sensory, or cognitive problems to develop, recover, or maintain the skills needed for daily living and working.
- Duration: 4.5 years (4 years of academic study + 6 months of internship)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB and a minimum aggregate percentage.
- Career Options: Occupational Therapist in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, schools, and private practice.
- Salary Range: ₹2.5 to 7+ LPA.
- Medical Laboratory Technology (B.Sc. MLT): Trains professionals to perform various diagnostic tests on body fluids and tissues, crucial for disease diagnosis and monitoring.
- Duration: 3 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB and a minimum aggregate percentage.
- Career Options: Medical Laboratory Technician, Lab Manager, Research Assistant in labs.
- Salary Range: ₹2 to 6+ LPA.
- Radiology/Medical Imaging Technology (B.Sc. MIT): Focuses on the use of imaging technologies like X-rays, CT scans, MRI, and ultrasound for diagnosing diseases.
- Duration: 3 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB and a minimum aggregate percentage.
- Career Options: Radiologic Technologist, MRI Technician, CT Scan Technician, Ultrasound Technician.
- Salary Range: ₹2.5 to 7+ LPA.
- Other Allied Health Courses: Include courses like Audiology and Speech Therapy, Optometry, Nutrition and Dietetics, and more, each offering specialized professional roles in healthcare.
Biotechnology (B.Sc./B.Tech)
Biotechnology is an interdisciplinary field that applies biological principles to create technologies and products that contribute to the enhancement of our lives and that of our planet. Biotechnology can be applied to medicine, agriculture, and environmental purposes.
- Duration: 3-4 years (B.Sc. Biotechnology or B.Tech Biotechnology)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB (some institutes may also accept PCM). A minimum aggregate percentage is usually required.
- Career Options: Research Scientist, Biotechnologist in pharmaceutical and biotech companies, Clinical Research Associate, Quality Control Analyst.
- Salary Range: ₹3 to 10+ LPA (salaries often increase with postgraduate degrees and specialized skills).
Bioinformatics (B.Sc./B.Tech)
Bioinformatics is a combination of biology, computer science, and statistics used to develop computational techniques for DNA and protein sequencing data analysis and interpretation. This is a rapidly expanding field with the increasing advancements in genomics and proteomics.
- Duration: 3-4 years (B.Sc. Bioinformatics or B.Tech Bioinformatics)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCB (strong interest in biology and computer science is beneficial; some institutes may also accept PCM students with biology as an additional subject).
- Career Options: Bioinformatician, Research Scientist, Data Analyst in biotech and pharmaceutical companies.
- Salary Range: ₹3.5 to 12+ LPA (salaries depend on skills in programming, statistics, and biological knowledge).
These professional courses after the 12th science PCB offer various opportunities in the healthcare and life sciences. The growing popularity of these courses is governed by the indispensable nature of healthcare and ongoing technological and biological sciences developments. Choosing a course to study that aligns with your hobbies, interests, and aptitude is significant for achieving a successful and impressive career.
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Courses after 12th science PCMB
Students completing their 12th grade with Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, and Biology (PCMB) have the advantage of meeting the eligibility criteria for a variety of professional courses in engineering/ technology, and health sciences/life sciences. PCMB eligibility opens up opportunities for many different careers, based on students’ interests and suitability. Below are some of the most popular professional courses after the 12th standard with science PCMB, ranked according to their general popularity:
Medicine (MBBS)
Starting with medicine (MBBS), it is the most compact and well-regarded professional degree for a PCMB student who wants to be a doctor. The PCMB aspiring medical student is better suited for medical school than a PCB student because of their background in all four sciences.
- Duration: 5.5 years (4.5 years of academic study followed by a 1-year compulsory rotating internship)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB and a qualifying score in the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET-UG). Admission is highly competitive.
- Career Options: General Physician, Surgeon (after postgraduate specialization), Specialist (e.g., Cardiologist, Neurologist, Pediatrician, Oncologist), Medical Researcher.
- Salary Range: ₹6 to 30+ LPA (starting salaries can vary, but experienced specialists in private practice or corporate hospitals can earn significantly higher).
Engineering (B.Tech/B.E.)
Many Options PCMB students can avail themselves of the broader scope of many Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) or Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) degrees. The strong background in physics and mathematics provides the right setting for the applications of analytical and problem-solving engineering content. Popular engineering streams include:
- Computer Science Engineering: Focuses on software development, algorithms, data structures, and computer systems.
- Duration: 4 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB and a good score in relevant engineering entrance exams (e.g., JEE Main, JEE Advanced, state-level exams).
- Career Options: Software Engineer, Data Scientist, Cybersecurity Analyst, AI/ML Engineer.
- Salary Range: ₹4 to 20+ LPA.
- Mechanical Engineering: Deals with the design, manufacturing, and operation of mechanical systems.
- Duration: 4 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB and a good score in engineering entrance exams.
- Career Options: Design Engineer, Production Engineer, Thermal Engineer.
- Salary Range: ₹3.5 to 15+ LPA.
- Electrical and Electronics Engineering: Focuses on electrical power, electronic circuits, and communication systems.
- Duration: 4 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB and a good score in engineering entrance exams.
- Career Options: Electrical Engineer, Electronics Engineer, Control Systems Engineer.
- Salary Range: ₹3.5 to 18+ LPA.
- Other Engineering Branches: Civil, Chemical, Aerospace, Biotechnology (with a strong engineering focus), and more, are also open to PCMB students.
Dentistry (BDS)
Like the PCB student, the PCMB can pursue the Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) and become a dental professional.
- Duration: 5 years (4 years of academic study followed by a 1-year compulsory rotating internship)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB and a qualifying score in NEET-UG. Admission is competitive.
- Career Options: Dentist in private practice, Dental Surgeon (after postgraduate specialization), in dental colleges.
- Salary Range: ₹4 to 20+ LPA.
Pharmacy (B.Pharm)
The Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm) could also be completed as a professional degree for a PCMB interested in the pharmaceutical sciences.
- Duration: 4 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB and a minimum aggregate percentage.
- Career Options: Pharmacist, Drug Inspector, Pharmaceutical Marketing, Clinical Research Associate.
- Salary Range: ₹3 to 8+ LPA.
Allied Health Sciences (Various Courses)
PCMB students will have access to multiple allied health sciences professional courses, such as:
- Physiotherapy (BPT)
- Occupational Therapy (OT)
- Medical Laboratory Technology (B.Sc. MLT)
- Radiology/Medical Imaging Technology (B.Sc. MIT)
- Others like Audiology, Optometry, etc.
Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (B.Sc./B.Tech)
Biotech and Bioinformatics are interdisciplinary fields that combine biology with technology and biology with computational science, respectively, and can be a wonderful field of study for PCMB students.
- Biotechnology: Focuses on applying biological principles to create technologies and products.
- Duration: 3-4 years (B.Sc./B.Tech)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB.
- Career Options: Research Scientist, Biotechnologist in various industries.
- Salary Range: ₹3 to 10+ LPA.
- Bioinformatics: Integrates biology, computer science, and statistics to analyze biological data.
- Duration: 3-4 years (B.Sc./B.Tech)
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB (strong aptitude for both biology and mathematics/computer science).
- Career Options: Bioinformatician, Research Scientist.
- Salary Range: ₹3.5 to 12+ LPA.
- The PCMB background provides a strong foundation in both the biological and mathematical/computational aspects of these fields.
Basic Sciences (B.Sc. leading to specialized professional roles)
A Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) degree in Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, or Biology can be a pathway to a professional area with additional education or skill development. PCMB students can decide how narrow they want the focus of the B.Sc. degree.
- Duration: 3 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB and a strong interest in the chosen subject.
- Career Options (after further specialization): Research Scientist, Data Analyst, Actuary (with a mathematics focus), Forensic Scientist (with biology/chemistry focus).
- Salary Range: Varies significantly based on the specialization and further qualifications (₹3 to 20+ LPA).
Integrated Courses (e.g., BS-MS)
Some institutions will offer integrated BS-MS programs in basic sciences. PCMB students will be eligible for many of these programs, allowing them the opportunity to investigate subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, or disciplines that combine two or more of these areas.
- Duration: 5 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB and a good score in entrance exams like IISER Aptitude Test or NEST.
- Career Options: Research Scientist.
- Salary Range: ₹4 to 15+ LPA (depending on specialization and research opportunities).
Forensic Science (B.Sc.)
Forensic Science is the application of science to criminal investigations. PCMB students are well-prepared for forensic science because they have studied biology, chemistry, and physics, all of which will be applied while analyzing evidence.
- Duration: 3 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB.
- Career Options: Forensic Scientist, Crime Scene Investigator.
- Salary Range: ₹3 to 8+ LPA.
Nutrition and Dietetics (B.Sc.)
As health and wellness awareness increase, there will be an increased need for advisors on healthy eating habits. The strong biology and chemistry background of students in PCMB is beneficial.
- Duration: 3 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB.
- Career Options: Dietitian, Nutritionist, Food Consultant.
- Salary Range: ₹2.5 to 7+ LPA.
Environmental Science (B.Sc.)
This area studies our environment and seeks to mitigate its issues. The PCMB general science background is important in addressing environmental challenges because they are multidisciplinary.
- Duration: 3 years
- Eligibility: 12th pass with PCMB.
- Career Options: Environmental Scientist, Conservationist, Environmental Consultant.
- Salary Range: ₹3 to 8+ LPA.
The range of eligibility offered to the PCMB students certainly highlights the validity of a broad science foundation, enabling the students to pursue qualified fields that match their interests and abilities from both engineering/technology and healthcare/life sciences domains, into a broad range of potential professional careers.
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Diploma courses after 12th science
Students who passed their 12th grade in science stream (PCM or PCB) and are looking for skills-based, shorter courses that can move directly into work or be used as a bridge to further studies, diploma courses can be a great option. Diploma courses are typically very hands-on and provide practice-oriented teaching to provide industry-oriented education. The following is a small list of popular diploma courses after completing 12th science, and is shown in order of relative popularity, with a brief description of each.
Diploma in Engineering (Various Disciplines)
A very popular option for PCM students. Disciplines such as Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer Engineering, and Electronics Engineering will prepare students with key foundational principles of engineering and division-specific technical skills. The program will include theory study and practice, in labs, and possible industry visits. They will be able to start as technicians or junior engineers in manufacturing, construction, IT, and so on. The diploma can also be a potential entry point for students wishing to study a Bachelor of Engineering (B.E./B.Tech) in a subsequent year, as a lateral entry into 2nd year.
Diploma in Pharmacy (D.Pharm)
This two-year program is widely popular among PCB students. The focus is to prepare students in all aspects of the science and practice of preparing and dispensing medications. The program includes training in subjects such as pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacognosy, and pharmaceutics. The course also includes practical training to prepare students to dispense medications through their pharmacy training. D. Pharm diploma holders are required to work as pharmacists in drug, retail, or hospital pharmacies as well as clinical pharmacies. D. Pharm diploma holders have educational opportunities through the Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) if they choose to continue with their studies.
Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology (DMLT)
This course will train students to become competent and skilled medical laboratory technologists. Students will be trained on how to perform a variety of diagnostic tests on specimens, including body fluids and tissues. As well, medical laboratory technologists make a specific contribution to an individual’s well-being and performance of disease diagnoses and monitoring. The topics and training in DMLT include coursework in biochemistry, microbiology, pathology, and hematology, and considerable hands-on practical training and courses related to laboratory procedures and measuring the performance of laboratory equipment. DMLT graduates will find work in all hospitals, diagnostic centers, and laboratories involved in research, as well as private laboratory facilities catering to industry, research, and academia.
Diploma in Nursing (GNM – General Nursing and Midwifery)
As a three-and-a-half-year program with an internship, GNM is a preferred option for applicants who are ready for a nursing career and can’t wait for a full B.Sc. Nursing program. G.N.M. courses cover nursing care, medical-surgical nursing, maternal and child health, and community health care. Practical hospital placement is required. After completing a GNM, you can work as a staff nurse and then later enroll in a B.Sc. nursing program.
Diploma in X Ray Technology / Medical Imaging Technology
This diploma program emphasizes training technicians to operate medical imaging equipment for procedures like X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs under the supervision of a radiologist. The coursework covers radiography as well as radiation safety and all techniques related to imaging procedures. Students will also get practical training in hospitals and diagnostic centers. Graduates of this program will work as X-ray or radiology technicians.
Diploma in Biotechnology
The diploma program in biotechnology will provide you with a basic understanding of biotechnology, its uses in health care, agriculture, and environmental science, and the roles that controllers of biological processes play in human life. The course content includes basic biology, biochemistry, genetics, and some aspects of genetic engineering. Graduates can find work as lab technicians or research assistants in biotechnology firms or research institutions, or continue their studies by enrolling in a Bachelor’s program, such as a Bachelor of Science in Biotechnology, to take on higher-level positions in day-to-day biotechnology.
Conclusion
Choosing from the large number of Courses After 12th Science is a monumental step in determining your future career and personal development, and as we have seen, the pathway opened by the science stream, which might be through PCM, PCB, PCMB or something else, leads to a wide range of opportunities, from the well-established pathways in medicine and engineering to more niche and emerging pathways, such as data science, biotechnology, and more specialized forms of law. Finding the right choice is therefore really about aligning what you love and are good at with the needs and opportunities of your chosen area.